
\begin{table}[!htbp] \centering 
  \caption{Descriptive statistics by sample selection, hexagon monthly level data} 
  \label{TableDescStatsSamples} 
\small 
\begin{tabular}{@{\extracolsep{5pt}}lcccc} 
 \hline 
\hline   

 
  & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Mean count (std. dev.)} \\ 
&\thead{New York \\ City \\ (n = 8,752)} & \thead{High-crime  \\ neighborhoods \\ (n = 250)} & 
            \thead{High-drug arrests  \\ neighborhoods \\ (n = 20)} & 
            \thead{Neighborhoods \\ with OPCs \\ (n = 2)} \\
\hline   
 Crimes &  &  &  &  \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Index & 0.9 (1.8) & 3.3 (2.5) & 5.9 (4.2) & 6.7 (4.5) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Violent & 0.8 (1.7) & 3.7 (2.9) & 6.2 (4.2) & 7.7 (5.6) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Murder & 0.004 (0.1) & 0.02 (0.2) & 0.02 (0.1) & 0.1 (0.3) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Robbery & 0.1 (0.4) & 0.6 (0.9) & 1.2 (1.3) & 1.7 (1.8) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Aggravated assault & 0.2 (0.6) & 1.0 (1.3) & 1.7 (1.7) & 1.9 (2.1) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Simple Assault & 0.4 (1.1) & 2.0 (1.9) & 3.3 (2.6) & 4.1 (3.4) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Property & 0.6 (1.3) & 1.6 (1.6) & 3.0 (2.7) & 3.1 (2.3) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Burglary & 0.1 (0.4) & 0.4 (0.7) & 0.6 (1.2) & 0.6 (1.0) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Theft & 0.4 (1.1) & 0.9 (1.3) & 2.1 (2.2) & 2.3 (2.0) \\ 
  \hspace{6mm} Motor vehicle theft & 0.1 (0.3) & 0.3 (0.5) & 0.3 (0.6) & 0.2 (0.5) \\ 
  Law enforcement &  &  &  &  \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Weapons arrests & 0.1 (0.4) & 0.4 (0.9) & 0.6 (1.2) & 1.0 (1.5) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Drug arrests & 0.1 (0.8) & 0.8 (2.8) & 6.5 (8.8) & 17.9 (22.6) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Criminal summons & 0.6 (5.4) & 2.2 (6.8) & 4.1 (5.5) & 4.9 (8.0) \\ 
  911 calls &  &  &  &  \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Crime & 21.1 (35.4) & 79.6 (51.3) & 143.1 (76.7) & 152.0 (85.2) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Assault & 1.2 (2.7) & 5.7 (4.4) & 8.6 (5.3) & 10.3 (7.0) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Trespass & 0.2 (0.8) & 1.0 (1.9) & 1.9 (2.7) & 2.2 (1.8) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Medical & 6.7 (13.3) & 26.8 (21.0) & 64.5 (46.4) & 90.4 (66.0) \\ 
  311 calls &  &  &  &  \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Drug & 0.1 (0.6) & 0.2 (1.1) & 0.5 (1.0) & 0.5 (0.9) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Unsanitary conditions & 1.1 (2.3) & 3.0 (3.5) & 3.7 (3.9) & 3.1 (3.3) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Abandoned vehicle & 0.3 (1.2) & 0.4 (1.0) & 0.2 (0.6) & 0.1 (0.4) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Noise complaint & 5.6 (63.3) & 15.8 (23.6) & 23.9 (38.2) & 16.1 (17.0) \\ 
  \hspace{2mm} Homeless & 0.4 (2.6) & 0.5 (2.1) & 3.4 (8.0) & 4.1 (5.3) \\ 
 \hline   
\hline 

\multicolumn{5}{l} {\parbox[t]{14.0cm}{ \scriptsize Notes: 
Hexagon monthly-year level pre-intervention (2019M1-2021M11) mean count and standard 
deviation from all New York City, the high-crime sample, and the intervention hexagon. 
The New York City sample includes all areas across the city. The high-crime sample 
was built by first identifying the top seven (10%) precincts outside of the intervention 
areas that had the highest number of index crimes (excluding larceny) per 100,000 residents, 
then, selecting the 250 hexagons with the highest volume of crimes among these seven 
precincts. The high drug arrests sample uses the 20 hexagons with the most pre-intervention 
mean drug arrests excluding areas in the police precincts where the overdose prevention
centers are located. The intervention hexagon surrounds the overdose prevention center.
Index crimes include the six UCR part I crimes (murder, robbery, aggravated assault, 
burglary, theft, and motor vehicle). Violent crimes include murder, robbery, and 
aggravated and simple assault. Property crimes include burglary, theft, and 
motor vehicle theft. Weapons possession arrests refer to criminal possession of a weapon, 
Drug possession arrests mean sale or possession of dangerous drugs. Crime 911 calls 
include those in which there was a possible crime in-progress or one has been committed. 
Assault and trespass 911 calls explicitly mention these offenses in the call. 
Medical calls include those needing an ambulance. Drug related calls include drug and 
drinking activity and loose syringe calls. Unsanitary conditions comprise calls related 
to seeing a rodent, graffiti, dirty and unsanitary conditions, and urinating in public. 
Abandoned vehicle and noise complaints are calls handled by the New York Police Department.
Homeless calls include those related to assisting a homeless person, encampment, and 
homeless street condition. 
}} \
\end{tabular} 
\end{table} 
